Patient Satisfaction and Complications of Over-the-Counter Bleaching Products

Hydrogen peroxide (HP), the active agent in bleaching products can, depending on the reaction conditions, form (per-)hydroxyl anions, superoxide anions and other radicals. Both HP and free radicals can diffuse various distances into tooth substance depending on their lifetimes and reaction environment. Although the action mechanism is not fully understood, the radical-involved oxidativeprocess can cause breaking of molecule bonds in stains in dentin and enamel. The resulting products appear less colored. 

Bleaching Products


Bleaching products that are administered by the patient at home, either initially supervised by a dentist or many types that are purchased over-the-counter (OTC), contain carbamide peroxide (CP) to increase product stability. In an oral, watery environment, CP is decomposed to 36% HP and 65% urea. HP further decomposes into water and oxygen, while the urea breaks down to ammonia and carbon dioxide. Ammonia may contribute to a beneficial basic solution which can increase the radical formation reaction rate. Read more..................

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