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Periodontal Intrabony Defects and the Treatment with Enamel Matrix Derivative

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The intrabony defects are considered the main consequence of periodontal disease, presenting itself as a challenge to the clinician. These represent locations that, if untreated, are at an increased risk for disease progression. Although resection surgery has been used a treatment option to their elimination, the treatment of choice is periodontal regeneration . Reports of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) as a periodontal procedure appeared more than 20 years ago. The rationale behind this therapy is to achieve regeneration of tooth supporting structures, or cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. This is different from conventional periodontal surgery that achieves healing by repair. Another way to approach periodontal regeneration is to mimic the process that occurs during development of periodontal tissues. After the discovery of the presence of a layer of enamel matrix between the peripheral dentin and cementum underdevelopment, along with the ability of this ...
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Effects of Caffeine on Salivation

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Introduction: Saliva has an important homeostatic role in the oral cavity. Hyposalivation can lead to diseases such as caries and mucous membrane candidiasis as well as difficulties in speech, mastication and deglutition. Like all exocrine secretions, salivary production is under the control of the autonomic nervous system, but physical factors such as hypovolemia and dehydration can also playa role . Thus, various systemic conditions, medications, and psychological factors can affect salivary output . Caffeine, a natural derivative of coffee beans and tea leaves, is a methylxanthine with proven activity on the central nervous system and the smooth muscle cells of the cardiac, respiratory and digestive organs. Its effects mostly parallel the adrenergic pathway and include increased arterial blood pressure and cardiac output, and decreased gastrointestinal muscle tone. Following this teleological path, it would be expected that caffeine had a significant, dose-dependent effect...
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The Proper Diagnostic Pathway of Gardner’s Syndrome: Role of the Dentist in the Early Detection of the Associated Systemic Pathologies

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Gardner’s syndrome, a variant of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), is a genetic disorder with highly penetrant autosomal-dominant transmission (80-100%). The incidence of FAP is approximately 1:7500 births, while Gardner’s syndrome occurs in 1:14000 births.  The first researcher reporting a clinical case characterized by the presence of manifestations which could be ascribed to Gardner’s syndrome was Fitzgerald in 1943, however, the combination of these signs was recognized as a genetically determined syndrome only in 1953 by Gardner e Richards.  This disease is characterized by the following triad: Gastrointestinal polyposis, with a 100 percent chance of malignant degeneration, other signs are bone tumors, frequently located on maxillary and cranial bones, and lastly the soft tissues tumors. PDF LINK
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