Journal and Conferences of Dentistry

Oral cancer is a public health problem, representing the sixth most common malignant neoplasm and more than 90% ofcases are Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) diagnosis. Due to potential aggressiveness and propensity for early and extensive lymphatic metastasis, this cancer type has been widely investigated in recent decades.    Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas The OSCC is defined as invasive epithelial neoplasia with varying degrees of squamous differentiation and propensity to early and extensive lymph node metastasis, it occurs mainly in adults ranging from 50 to 70 years and it could be associated to smoking and alcohol consumption. This carcinoma can develop mainly in the oral and oropharynx mucosal membranes. Commonly OSCC diagnosis is done by histological and morphological analysis. Its histopathological features could define tumor grading, which is relevant for patient’s prognosis. Read more>>>>

According to a 2009 ILSI (International Life Science Institute) report, the main prerequisites involved in tooth decay development are tooth, dental plaque and substrate. Dental plaque results from the colonization of the teeth surface by oral bacteria from saliva. These bacteria are then able to form a biofilm on the tooth that is reinforced by bacterial product, salivary proteins and food substances from the diet.    Maltitol and Xylitol Sweetened Chewing-Gums Some bacterial species can become predominant in the tooth colonization and among them, some produce acids inducing the dissolution of tooth mineral. Saliva could be considered as a primary defence mechanism against bacterial infection in the oral cavity. It clears bacteria from the mouth by aggregation and flushing and by buffering and counteracting bacterial acid production in the oral ecosystem. Read more>>>>>>>>>>

Oral cavity is an ideal niche for the growth of microorganisms. Despite a great advance in the pediatric dental care, infection of the oral cavity remains the major problem in today’s dental practice. Although we live in an era of antibiotics, odontogenic infections are still a common problem with which a dentist must deal. Odontogenic Origin in Children Orofacial space infections of odontogenic origin are very common in children and most of them originate from necrotic pulps, partially erupted teeth, or traumatized teeth. However, Seow has reported that developmental abnormalities like dens evaginatus, dentin dysplasia, dentinogenesis imperfecta and familial hypophospatasia can lead to space infections. Infections in the jaws of a child may spread rapidly because of the wide marrow spaces and also due to the bones of developing children are less dense than adult bones. Read more>>>>>>

Evidence from clinical research indicates that there is a significant relationship between microbial dental plaque and periodontal disease. Epidemiologic data suggests the association of chronic gingivitis and bacterial plaque adhering to tooth surface. Clinical and in vivo studies have demonstrated the occurrence of metabolic events by the microbial dental plaque in the presence of dietary carbohydrates.  Maxillary arch These events result in the fluctuation of plaque fluid pH that changes the dynamic equilibrium in-situ and leads to dissolution of enamel minerals, a precursor of dental caries formation. It was also reported that caries failed to develop with frequent additions of sucrose to the diet in the absence of plaque. These irrefutable findings provided in the literature have pointed out the causative relationship of bacterial dental plaque and both caries and periodontal disease. Read more>>>>>>>>>>

Chemomechanical preparation, by endodontic instrumentation and the use of intracanal irrigants, is an integral part of root canal therapy. During these procedures, there is always a possibility of pulp tissue fragments, dentine chips, necrotic tissue, microorganisms and intracanal irrigants being extruded beyond the apical foramen even when the working length is controlled.  Revo-S System The extrusion of debris apically may have the potential to disrupt the balance between microbial assault and host defense leading to the development of acute inflammation and flare-ups. Studies have shown that instrumentation techniques utilizing a push-pull motion tend to extrude more debris than those incorporating rotational motions . This has lead to the hypothesis that engine driven rotary instruments extrude less debris than hand filing techniques. Read more>>>>>>

The deposition of calcium salts, primarily calcium phosphate, usually occurs in the skeleton. It is referred to as heterotopic calcification when it occurs in an unorganized fashion in soft tissue.  Submandibular Salivary Sialolith Heterotopic calcification which results from deposition of calcium in normal tissue despite normal serum calcium and phosphate levels is known as idiopathic calcification. Sialoliths belong to the category of idiopathic calcification. Sialolithiasis is the most common disease of salivary glands. It is estimated that it affects 12 in 1000 of the adult population. It usually appears between the age of 30 and 60 years, and it is uncommon in children as only 3% of all sialolithiasis cases occur in pediatric population. Read more>>>>>>>>>