Journal and Conferences of Dentistry

Orthognathic surgery (OS) is a surgical intervention that alters relationships of the jaws and dental arches. The treatment involves a combination of orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery.  Orthognathic Surgery It is used to correct dentofacial deformities that cannot be treated with acceptable results by conventional orthodontics. The first description of a surgical intervention to correct a malocclusion was by Hullihen in 1849. The most frequently used surgical procedures for correcting the relationship of the jaws are Le Fort I osteotomy and sagittal ramus split osteotomy. Also often used are vertical ramus osteotomy, inverted L osteotomy, and variations and combinations of the above. Read More>>>>>>

Zirconia ceramics is successfully used to fabricate tooth-supported restorations and this has stimulated clinicians to encompass its application for restorations with implants. White zirconium implant. CAD/CAM technology combined with zirconia ceramic is gaining more and more popularity in implant dentistry. The introduction of zirconia implants served as an alternative to titanium implants in dental implantology. Zirconia appears to be a proper implant material due to its opacity, low plaque affinity, mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Gingival recession and apical bone loss connected with implants many a times expose portions of the metal implant, showing the overlying gingiva’s bluish discoloration. Read More>>>>>>>

Apart from the above discussed research articles, the current issue hosted a review article by El-Marakby et al. that was specifically aimed towards showcasing etiological, pathological andphysiological aspects of noncarious cervical lesions as abractions.  Deep abfraction notch. The article described the identifying features of the abraction as a V-shaped defect located at the cervical region of tooth. The article also pointed out that most recent research studies consider that the abractions have a multifactorial etiology, the elucidation of which requires further analysis. Read More>>>>

Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis (AHG) and recurrent herpes labialis (RHL) are the common oral mucosal diseases caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). However, infection with herpes simplexvirus type 2 (HSV-2) can also lead to primary herpes labialis, although this type rarely causes a recurrence of the disease.  Recurrences of herpes labialis may be triggered by systemic factors, including stress, menses, fever and local stimuli like injury, sunlight exposure as well as dental procedures. The HSV-1 infection is usually asymptomatic, while clear clinical manifestations are present only in 10% of patients. The treatment is primarily palliative and supportive directed toward controlling the signs and symptoms. Systemic antiviral chemotherapy is given to the patients with exacerbated manifestations and immune compromised status. The present article describes a case of RHL with AHG in a 32 years old pregnant female treated by topical antiviral drug. Read More>>&g

Early childhood caries (ECC), previously known as nursing caries, baby bottle tooth decay is an important public health problem especially in low-income children, with significant negative consequences for the child and the family. The first sign of ECC is denoted by white spot lesions (WSLs) which can be defined as a demineralization of the enamel surface and subsurface, although these lesions can be reversed and do not form cavities. Over the years with clinically proven research, fluoride has been documented to promote remineralization and can be very easily introduced into the oral environment through personal or professional application. Read More>>>>>>

First of all, our sincere appreciation goes to authors of two articles, one is ‘Expanding the taxonomy of the diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD)’ and another is ‘Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) for clinical and research applications: recommendations of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group’.    Temporomandibular Joint Disorders These two articles have provided a comprehensive guidance for the TMD taxonomy. However, a flowchart that is quick-tostart, easy-to-understand and clear at a glance is desired during clinical practices, and such flowchart could make this knowledge more popularized. The best technology product is what grandmothers know how to use, and the best guidance is what helps interns to make a differential diagnosis quickly. Read More>>>>>>>>

Many people today are concerned about their breath odor, and there have been many surveys on this topic within the general population. Yaegaki et al. conducted a questionnaire survey of young women in Japan, examining their behaviors and perceptions of oral malodor; Al-Ansari etal. also examined self-reported halitosis in Kuwaiti patients.  An increasing number of elderly people in Japan are living in nursing homes. Workers in those facilities provide oral care to the elderly residents. Some nursing home staff members are known to have stress due to the dementia   and violence of their residents. They may also have difficulties in conducting their job because of the strong breath odor of the oral care recipients. The workers may think that the breath odor needs to be reduced. Read More>>>>>>>

In 1989, “The First National Oral Health Survey” of the population in Vietnam was performed and it reported poor oral hygiene status and a moderate level of caries among a sample of 2.762 individuals aged 12-15 years. In 1999, “The National Oral Health Survey of Vietnam” (NOHSV1999) was conducted to characterize the oral health of the Vietnamese Child population and this report enabled the exploration of trends in oral health in Vietnam.  Dental caries was found to be highly prevalent and severe, but there was also considerable variation in caries prevalence between different geographic areas. There was an increase in caries prevalence in 1999 compared with the study performed ten years earlier.  Read More>>>>>>

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), which was first identified in 1890, is a disease that affects the structure of the enamel in both primary and permanent teeth. It was initially identified as hereditary brown tooth enamel; then, Finn named it the brunette hypoplasia. Epidemiological studies found the incidence of AI to be 1:14,000 and 1:15,000.  Amelogenesis Imperfecta There are several classifications for AI, but the classification made by Witkop is the most commonly used. This classification divides AI into four main groups: hypoplastic, hipocalcified, hipomature, and hypoplastic or hypomature with taurodontism. These four groups are determined by the clinical, histological, radiological, and genetic properties. Patients who have the different AI sub-groups nevertheless share similar symptoms such as tooth sensitivity, an unaesthetic appearance, and lack of function. Read More>>>>

Dental implants have been accepted as a successful treatment procedure for partially and totally edentulous jaws. However, bone density and anatomic structures (maxillary sinus etc.) must be considered carefully when the edentulous region is located in the posterior maxilla. Adequate and ideal bone volume for correct positioning of implants can be created in the posterior maxilla by bone augmentation or sinus floor elevation.  Fixed Dental Prosthesis However, these surgical procedures are associated with increased rate of complications and healing time, especially in older patients. Moreover, surgical procedures may not be the best option for every patient, and toothor implant-supported cantilever fixed dental prostheses (FDP) may be an alternative when augmentation procedures are not possible. When premolar or molar teeth are missing in the posterior maxilla, the first premolar site is suggested as the ideal location for implant insertion because of sinus pneumatization.