Journal and Conferences of Dentistry

The most common complication following permanent tooth extraction is alveolar osteitis (AO) with the rate of 1% to 4% in non-operative extractions. The rate of AO reaches 5% to 30% in surgical extractions of impacted mandibular third molars. This phenomenon is marked by severe and progressive pain, foul taste, halitosis, and regional lymphadenitis which develop 24 hours to 72 hours after extraction.  AO is self-limited and would resolve within 5 to 10 days after initiation. It should be noted that 45% of cases need up to 4 visits until the complete resolution of AO. While the aim of the healthcare providers is not only to provide treatment but also to bring relief of pain for patient, prevention of AO is one of the challenges oral and maxillofacial surgeons face.  GET PDF LINK 

Evidence based dentistry suggests that the need for restoration of partially edentulous condition is on the rise. Not every patient presenting with a distal extension partially edentulous situation is a candidate for implant therapy either due to medical or financial limitations. Therefore the cast removable partial denture (RPD) is here to stay until the stem cell research reaches a stage where in the entire missing human tooth can be bio engineered in vivo. The conventional extra coronal cast circumferential or bar clasp can be quite an eye  sore when used in the anterior part of the mouth.  Although precision attachments or resilient retainer systems may be used, conventional extra coronal clasp assembly still remains the most commonly used direct retainer because they are less technique sensitive and more versatile in their application. With this background we present two ‘Hidden clasp designs’ for the distal extension situation which satisfies the criterion of...

A 47-year-old male patient visited the dental clinic for evaluation of the lower right molar area. The patient had a non-contributory medical history. Clinical and radiographic examination indicated that the right mandibular second premolar was hopeless and that the mandibular first and second molars were missing.  A detailed explanation concerning the present state, treatment plans, and procedures was given to the patient, and informed consent was obtained. Dental implantation was planned after consultation. The patient rinsed for two minutes with a 0.12 % chlorhexidine digluconate solution (Hexamedine, Bukwang, Seoul, Korea) immediately before the surgery. GET PDF LINK.........

The restoration of partially and completely edentulous patients having dental implants is a well-documented and scientifically accepted treatment modality. Recently titanium alloys and titanium are frequently used in manufacturing implant and have turned out to be a gold standard for replacement of tooth in dental implantology. Such materials have achieved mainstream use due to theiroutstanding biocompatibility, well-documented useful results. When open to air, titanium instantly develops a steady oxide layer that forms the foundation of its biocompatibility. The oxide layer’s properties are of great significance for the biological result of osseointegration of titanium implants. Its dark grayish color is the main disadvantage of titanium that is noticeable through the peri-implant mucosa, hence impairing esthetic results in a thin mucosa biotype’s presence. Recision of the gingiva or unfavorable soft tissue conditions can result in compromised esthetics. When the maxillary ...

A pulpotomy is performed in a primary tooth with extensive caries without evidence of radicular pathology when caries removal results in a carious or mechanical pulp exposure. If caries removal process leads to pulp exposure, a pulpotomy is undertaken since direct pulp capping in cariously exposed primary teeth has been shown to have poor success . Formocresol has been a popular pulpotomy medicament in the primary dentition. Concerns have been raised over the use of formocresol in humans, mainly as a result of its toxicity and potential carcinogenicity. Despite these concerns, pulpotomy with Formo Cresol (FC) is still a universally preferred technique. A survey conducted in the US reported that majority of dentists used FC as pulpotomy medicament and they were not concerned about adverse effects while a survey conducted in the UK showed that 66.5%of pediatric dentists used FC for pulpotomy, 54.2% were concerned regarding their preferred medicament and wereconsidering change of...

The basic concept of conventional periodontal regenerative treatment is reduction or elimination of tissue inflammation induced by bacterial plaque and its by-products, correction of defects or anatomical problems caused by the disease process, and regeneration of lost periodontal tissues as a consequence of disease destruction. Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) has been widely used for this purpose as it has a “space making effect”, leading to regeneration of periodontium.  The rationale of GTR is to place a barrier membrane over the denuded root surface and the debrided periodontal defect to exclude epithelial growth and allow periodontal ligament and alveolar bone cells to repopulate the isolated space. Biodegradable collagen membranes, both synthetic and natural are popular and have been used by several authors. The results have not been consistent with the use of these membrane, some have shown regeneration while others have found no difference when compared ag...

The negative effects of diabetes mellitus on the immune system have been extensively investigated. These effects impact greatly on the host’s ability to prevent the establishment of, and bring resolution to a variety of head and neck infections. The main etiologic factor in diabetes mellitus that leads to dysfunction in the immune system is hyperglycemia. All the major cell types involved in the immune defense are affected. Cellular elements of the innate immune system, including neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages, have altered function.  In the neutrophils, functions such as adherence, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis may be down- regulated. This results in a less effective defense against a microbial challenge. The neutrophils from diabetic patients also produce less free oxygen radicals, which reduce their ability to make toxic metabolites for release against microbes. Monocytes and macrophages may have up-regulated catabolism of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as incre...