Journal and Conferences of Dentistry

Evidence from clinical research indicates that there is a significant relationship between microbial dental plaque and periodontal disease. Epidemiologic data suggests the association of chronic gingivitis and bacterial plaque adhering to tooth surface.  Clinical and in vivo studies have demonstrated the occurrence of metabolic events by the microbial dental plaque in the presence of dietary carbohydrates. These events result in the fluctuation of plaque fluid pH that changes the dynamic equilibrium in-situ and leads to dissolution of enamel minerals, a precursor of dental caries formation. It was also reported that caries failed to develop with frequent additions of sucrose to the diet in the absence of plaque. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>

Non-syndromic orofacial clefts (NSOCs) are the major human congenital defects with a worldwide occurrence rate between 1/700- 1/2500, which varies greatly by geographic origin, ethnicity and socioeconomic status. In general, Asians and Native Americans presented the highest frequencies, sometimes at 1/500 or higher, followed by Caucasians, whereas Africans showed the lowest frequency at approximately 1/2500.  Especially, Chinese newborns displayed a high frequency of NSOCs at 1.67/1000. The etiologies of NSOCs were multifactorial, with a combination of both genetic and environmental risk factors. The search for genetic factors to NSOCs had used numerous approaches including candidate genes, linkage analysis studies, genomic rearrangements and genomewide association studies (GWAS). However, the results were still unsatisfactory. So far, there were five GWAS of non-syndromic orofacial clefts have been reported and identified tens of susceptible loci.  Read more...

Making an impression represents a critical step in processing and fitting of a dental prosthesis. The definite impression should be accurate to fabricate restoration with ideal marginal fit, internal fit, interproximal contacts and occlusal contacts.   The impression materials are used to register or reproduce the form and relations of the teeth and the surrounding oral tissues. Dimensional accuracy and stability are the primary requisites of an impression material. Accuracy of an impression depends on properties of impression materials like thermal contraction, polymerization shrinkage, presence of volatile by products, elastic recovery, bulk of material and impression technique used.  Read more>>>>>>>>>>>

Tooth decay is one of the most common infectious diseases affecting humans and is a significant health care issue in both modern and developing nations.  Streptococcus mutans is widely accepted as one of the most important etiologic agents associated with caries development and has been shown to directly cause caries in germ-free and specific pathogen-free rat models. S. mutans possesses a variety of virulence factors that enable it to establish colonization, utilize a wide array of carbohydrate sources, produce acid and thrive at low pH. PDF LINK>>>>>>>

Since 1999, various weak oral bacteria have been identified in atherosclerotic lesions . Among these bacteria, Chlamydia pneumoniae which resides in the mouth, pharynx, or bronchus, has been thoroughly investigated and confirmed to be transported to vessel walls by monocytes.  This invasion mechanism appears to be a factor in the development of atherosclerosis. Additionally, cytomegalovirus can be absorbed from the oral cavity resulting in opportunistic infections. Recently, the so called inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurismal walls revealed the presence of cytomegalovirus. Helicobacter pylori is well-known bacteria that resides in the stomach and may also appear in the oral cavity. This one was also identified in vessel walls. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>>