Journal and Conferences of Dentistry

In day to day practice very rarely dentist comes across apparently intact, recently erupted tooth which has become abscessed without any history of discomfort or pain. The term occult caries isusually used to refer such lesions. Occult caries is defined as the occlusal caries which cannot be diagnosed clinically because the occlusal surface appears to be ostensibly intact and shows radiolucencies in dentin.  An Insight to Occult Caries The various synonyms are ‘hidden caries’, ‘fluoride bombs’, and ‘fluoride syndrome ’and ‘pre eruptive caries’. The term ‘hidden caries’ or ‘occult caries’ denote those lesions that cannot be detected by clinical examination alone. The terms ‘fluoride bombs’ or ‘fluoride syndrome’ proposes that fluoride is an etiological factor. In some teeth, these lesions have been discovered on routine radiographs before their eruption into the oral cavity and these are often erroneously referred to as ‘pre-eruptive caries’, as the tooth when it is com...

Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic coccus that can survive under harsh conditions, including high salt concentrations and temperatures> 45°C. It is a member of the mammalian gastrointestinal microbiota but multidrug-resistant strains have been considered relevant causes of hospital-acquired and community related infections.    Enterococcus faecalis In the human oral cavity, E. faecalis has been frequently detected from patients with post-treatment apical periodontitis or refractory marginal periodontitis. Isolates from oral infections differ from clusters of hospital-derived isolates, as they do not present many mobile genetic elements. However, they usually carry virulence factors related to adhesion and biofilm formation, which may account for the colonization of different oral sites. Moreover, oral strains may also carry certain antibiotic resistance determinants that have the potential to be transferred to other pathogenic bacter...

Although Demarquay first described the Fistula labia inferioris congenua in 1845, Van der Woude   reviewed these features and established a relationship between lower lip pits and cleft lip or palate. Demarquay-van derWoude Syndrome (DVWS) (OMIM 119300) is an autosomal dominant condition that affects embryologic facial development and is characterized by the usual two labial pits (fistulae) or elevations in the lower lip, cleft lip with or without cleft palate.  Dental agenesis is seldom. Lip pits or sinuses are usually symmetrically and bilaterally located on the vermilion portion of the lower lip on either side of the midline. They are less unilaterally, medially or bilaterally asymmetrical.  The sinuses penetrate the orbicularis oris muscle and mostly communicate with the underlying minor salivary glands, and are usually asymptomatic with intermittent or continuous drainage of watery or salivary secretions. Hypotonia of the muscles of the lower lip has also...

In recent times ergonomics has become a popular term. The term has been used with most professions but increasingly in the dental profession. It is a Greek word ERGO means work and NOMIC means natural law; precisely ergonomics is defined as relationship among the personnel, equipment, environment and designing of the working area.  Muscular pain It emphasizes on individual human capability in relation to work limitation environment. Dentistry is a profession in which all the dentists worldwide are commonly affected with health hazard like musculoskeletal disorders which hinders their clinical practice resulting in early retirements. Dental personnel are at an increased risk of developing such disorders. According to WHO musculoskeletal disorder is define as a disorder of the muscles, tendons, peripheral nerves or vascular system not directly resulting from an acute and instantaneous event. Read more>>>>>

Fiber dowel retention is required for the success of foundation restorations and overlying fixed prostheses. Many factors affect dowel retention, including the depth of cure of the cement used. Light ordual-cure resin cements are commonly used with fiber dowels.  Both cement types require light to initiate polymerization, resulting in varying degrees of conversion, or depth of cure, depending on light intensity and degradation along the length of the root canal system. Reports have shown that some dual-cure cements do not reach adequate degrees of conversion in the absence of light. The use of translucent dowels has been recommended to improve the degree of conversion in dark areas of the root canal that cannot be reached by curing light. Read more>>>>>>>>

Chemomechanical preparation, by endodontic instrumentation and the use of intracanal irrigants, is an integral part of root canal therapy. During these procedures, there is always a possibility of pulp tissue fragments, dentine chips, necrotic tissue,microorganisms and intracanal irrigants being extruded beyond the apical foramen even when the working length is controlled.  The extrusion of debris apically may have the potential to disrupt the balance between microbial assault and host defense leading to the development of acute inflammation and flare-ups. Studies have shown that instrumentation techniques utilizing a push-pull motion tend to extrude more debris than those incorporating rotational motions. This has lead to the hypothesis that engine driven rotary instruments extrude less debris than hand filing techniques. Read more>>>>>>>>>

Accurate shade matching and communication with the dental laboratory is important in providing patients with esthetically pleasing restorations. Currently, color assessment methods include: visual assessment with shade guides, spectrophotometry, colorimetry, and computer analysis of digital images.  There has been a considerable amount of research aimed at making visual assessment more accurate, such as determining value prior to chroma and hue, and varying the arrangement of shade tabs. However, studies have found lower levels of accuracy for visual shade matching when compared with instrument-based methods. Even among instrument-based methods, there is considerable variation in accuracy between different systems. Moreover; it is difficult to assess the color gradient of the tooth with popular spectrophotometers, because of the size of the probe diameter. Read more>>>>>>>